A combination of cytogenetics and molecular biology constitutes the field of molecular cytogenetics. It provides the basis for identification, analysis and understanding of chromosome configuration and behavior within a species that may be of economic and/or scientific interest.

Fluorescent in situ hybridization, FISH, is commonly used to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. This technique uses fluorescency labeled probes that bind only to those parts of the chromosome for which they show a high degree of sequence homology.

MBG Lab houses state of the art Olympus microscopes and Image Analysis system, Applied Imaging (Genetix), and employs various cytogenetic techniques, alongwith FISH, to aid in karyotyping a variety of species such as Equine, Camelids and Avian. FISH is also used in tailoring the treatment or diagnosis of a disease.

Chromosome karyotypes are prepared from lymphocytes of peripheral blood or fibroblasts of skin tissue cells which have been isolated and cultured under proper laboratory conditions. These cells are then characterized by using a special imaging microscope. Analysis of structural or numerical alteration of chromosomes and comparative studies between various animals or species is then be done using specialized softwares.